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8) mice had significantly lower expression of reactive microglia/macrophage markers ( Iba1 , Cd68 ) and decreased inflammation in the midbrain based on TNF- levels (Figs

[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 342.Lee, H

Etomoxir attenuates protein concentrations and normalized gene expression of PD biomarkers in the midbrain The behavior tests indicated disease amelioration and we therefore assessed the level of TH in the striatum of the mice using western blot

Interestingly, the level of Akkermansia was lower in P479L+V compared to Wt+V mice, which could indicate differential effects following rotenone exposure

Therefore, we tend to assume that PD is a multisystem disease affecting the CNS, rather than a function of a unique pathway 26